A 55-year-old woman with a history of chronic bronchitis, Clostridium difficile colitis, and alcohol and tobacco abuse was admitted with altered mentation, hyponatremia, and necrotizing right-upper-lobe pneumonia. She was started on cefepime and vancomycin; metronidazole was added for colitis. A resting electrocardiogram (ECG) showed sinus tachycardia with a QS pattern in the precordial leads, normal intervals, and small T-wave inversions in leads V5 and V6. Four days later, significant changes in her baseline telemetry rhythm prompted a repeat 12-lead ECG; the patient’s pulse rate was 75 beats/min with a QT interval of 720 ms and QTc of 746 ms (Fig. 1). Her troponin T level was <0.03 ng/mL, and she had no new symptoms. Her medications at that time were aspirin, metoprolol, lisinopril, cefepime, atorvastatin, pantoprazole, metronidazole, oral vancomycin, and subcutaneous heparin. Her potassium level was 2.9 mEq/L, and her magnesium level was 1.6 mEq/L. An echocardiogram showed severe left ventricular dysfunction with wall motion that suggested stress-induced cardiomyopathy.
The Focus on ECGs section, published in the Texas Heart Institute Journal, presents a challenging ECG, a quiz, and a short comment on the interpretation of the ECG. This blog provides a collaborative opportunity to discuss each case in an effort to share the knowledge and the art of interpreting ECGs. Each discussion will close 2 weeks after publication.
Friday, August 5, 2016
Case #4 — An Unusual Presentation of QT Prolongation
by Mohammad Khalid Mojadidi, MD, Ninel Hovnanians, MD, Michael R. Kaufmann, MD, and James A. Hill, MD, FACC
A 55-year-old woman with a history of chronic bronchitis, Clostridium difficile colitis, and alcohol and tobacco abuse was admitted with altered mentation, hyponatremia, and necrotizing right-upper-lobe pneumonia. She was started on cefepime and vancomycin; metronidazole was added for colitis. A resting electrocardiogram (ECG) showed sinus tachycardia with a QS pattern in the precordial leads, normal intervals, and small T-wave inversions in leads V5 and V6. Four days later, significant changes in her baseline telemetry rhythm prompted a repeat 12-lead ECG; the patient’s pulse rate was 75 beats/min with a QT interval of 720 ms and QTc of 746 ms (Fig. 1). Her troponin T level was <0.03 ng/mL, and she had no new symptoms. Her medications at that time were aspirin, metoprolol, lisinopril, cefepime, atorvastatin, pantoprazole, metronidazole, oral vancomycin, and subcutaneous heparin. Her potassium level was 2.9 mEq/L, and her magnesium level was 1.6 mEq/L. An echocardiogram showed severe left ventricular dysfunction with wall motion that suggested stress-induced cardiomyopathy.
A 55-year-old woman with a history of chronic bronchitis, Clostridium difficile colitis, and alcohol and tobacco abuse was admitted with altered mentation, hyponatremia, and necrotizing right-upper-lobe pneumonia. She was started on cefepime and vancomycin; metronidazole was added for colitis. A resting electrocardiogram (ECG) showed sinus tachycardia with a QS pattern in the precordial leads, normal intervals, and small T-wave inversions in leads V5 and V6. Four days later, significant changes in her baseline telemetry rhythm prompted a repeat 12-lead ECG; the patient’s pulse rate was 75 beats/min with a QT interval of 720 ms and QTc of 746 ms (Fig. 1). Her troponin T level was <0.03 ng/mL, and she had no new symptoms. Her medications at that time were aspirin, metoprolol, lisinopril, cefepime, atorvastatin, pantoprazole, metronidazole, oral vancomycin, and subcutaneous heparin. Her potassium level was 2.9 mEq/L, and her magnesium level was 1.6 mEq/L. An echocardiogram showed severe left ventricular dysfunction with wall motion that suggested stress-induced cardiomyopathy.
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