Thursday, October 31, 2019

Case #19 — Osborn Waves: Differential Diagnosis


by Akriti G. Jain, MD, Hammad Zafar, MD, Sanjay Jain, MD, and Jason D’Souza, MD

A 56-year-old man with schizoaffective disorder, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and no cardiac history was sent from a psychiatric facility for evaluation of a left foot wound. He was disoriented to time, place, and person. The patient’s core body temperature was 87.4 °F, and his pupils were equally reactive to light. His left foot had an ulcer with a dirty base and much foreign material, and his 2nd and 3rd toes were black with clear demarcation. Laboratory results included a normal white blood cell count (8 ×109/L, 23% band neutrophils), a hemoglobin level of 7.4 g/dL, normal electrolyte levels except for calcium elevation (11.8 mg/dL; 12.8 mg/dL after correction for albumin), and no detected cardiac troponin. Urine toxicology results were positive for tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). An electrocardiogram (ECG) showed junctional rhythm with J waves (Osborn waves); a corrected QT interval (QTc) of 468 ms; a PR interval of 188 ms; and a heart rate of 60 beats/min (Fig. 1).